The flowers of Aconitum
delphinifolium are unique in that the top sepal resembles the hood worn by
monks, hence its common name monkshood. The showy flower is bisexual, and is
composed of 5 violet sepals. There are 2 petals recessed under the hood
in the form of nectaries. With the nectaries protected under the hood, and its
stamens and pistils located at the base of the other four sepals, it is especially
suited to be pollinated by bumblebees (SEINet). The bumblebee must land on the landing
platform that contains the stamens and pistils, and must struggle between the
sepals to reach the reward in the nectaries using its long tongue. The distance
to the nectaries makes it available only to long tongued bumblebees. To reduce
the chance of self-fertilization, the stamens reach maturity prior to the
carpels, and can range from 25-50 per flower. There are usually 3 pistils per
flower, with 10-20 ovules per pistil (SEINet).
http://watchingtheworldwakeup.blogspot.com/2009/08/valley-of-death-and-2-kindred-spirits.htm
(Bumblebee pollinating monkshood)
http://cabinetofcuriosities-greenfingers.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/bee-magnet.html
http://watchingtheworldwakeup.blogspot.com/2009/08/valley-of-death-and-2-kindred-spirits.htm
Works Cited
Gates, Phil. "Bee Magnet."
Cabinet of Curiosities. Blogspot.com, 17 July 2012. Web. 26 Mar. 2014.
<http://cabinetofcuriosities-greenfingers.blogspot.co.uk/2012/07/bee-magnet.html>.
Southwest Environmental Information
Network. "Aconitum." SEINet-Aconitum. Swbiodiversity.org, n.d.
Web. 26 Mar. 2014.
<http://swbiodiversity.org/seinet/taxa/index.php?taxon=4469&proj=Arizona>.
Watcher. "The Valley of Death,
And 2 Kindred Spirits." Watching the World Wake Up. Blogspot.com, 5
Aug. 2009. Web. 26 Mar. 2014.
<http://watchingtheworldwakeup.blogspot.com/2009/08/valley-of-death-and-2-kindred-spirits.html>.
It seems that in areas where monkshood is declining, habitat loss is the primary cause of the decrease.
ReplyDeleteHoney bee populations, which are colonial, have declined strongly, but I am not sure the same is true of the native bees, including many of the bumble bees. Here in Alaska we have a very large bee fauna, and as far as anyone know there have not been steep drops in these non-colonial (solitary) species - but then again, we know very little about them!
ReplyDelete